linux编译安装nginx+php+mysql环境-qaq卟言的个人博客

1.png
linux+Nginx+Mysql+PHP搭配可以说目前使用比较广泛，本文是介绍使用源码编译安装，包括具体的编译参数以及配置文件
准备工作
环境
Ubuntu
创建工作目录

/www/ 工程根目录
/www/server/    后台程序环境
/www/website/   部署站点根目录
/www/website/html/    测试网站的根目录

增加用户以及用户组
```
sudo groupadd www
```
```
sudo useradd -g www www
```
添加用户权限
```
sudo chown -R www /www/website/
```
安装编译器
正式开始前，编译环境gcc g++开发库之类的需要提前装好

sudo apt-get -y install gcc build-essential make

Nginx
2.png
安装依赖包

sudo apt-get install libxml2-dev build-essential openssl libssl-dev make curl libcurl4-gnutls-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtool-bin bison zlib1g-dev libpcre3 libpcre3-dev libssl-dev libxslt1-dev  libgeoip-dev libgoogle-perftools-dev libperl-dev libtool libxml2-dev build-essential openssl  libssl-dev make curl  libcurl4-gnutls-dev libjpeg-dev  libpng-dev libtool-bin bison  zlib1g-dev libpcre3 libpcre3-dev libssl-dev libxslt1-dev  libgeoip-dev libgoogle-perftools-dev libperl-dev libtool

进入后台环境文件夹
```
cd /www/server/
```
下载源码包

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz

解压
```
tar -zxvf nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz
```
进入解压文件夹
```
cd nginx-1.22.0
```
准备编译参数

./configure --prefix=/www/server/nginx \
--user=www \
--group=www \
--with-pcre \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_v2_module \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_addition_module \
--with-http_sub_module \
--with-http_dav_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_mp4_module \
--with-http_gunzip_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-http_random_index_module \
--with-http_secure_link_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_auth_request_module \
--with-http_slice_module \
--with-mail \
--with-threads \
--with-file-aio \
--with-stream \
--with-mail_ssl_module \
--with-stream_ssl_module

编译安装
```
make && make install
```
编译卸载
```
make uninstall
```
即可进行卸载
配置参数

sudo vim /www/server/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

配置用户或者组
```
#user  nobody;
```
更改为
```
user www www;
```
启动
```
/www/server/nginx/sbin/nginx
```
注意
以非root权限启动时，会出现

nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (13: Permission denied) 错误

原因
Linux只有root用户可以使用1024以下的端口
解决办法
以root权限启动

sudo ./nginx              # 启动Nginx
sudo ./nginx -s stop      # 停止Nginx
sudo ./nginx -v            # 查看是否安装成功
sudo ./nginx -s reload    # 重启Nginx
sudo ./nginx -t           # 验证配置文件是正确
sudo ./nginx -s quit  # 退出nginx

清理Nginx包命令如下

dpkg --get-selections|grep nginx  #列出Nginx关联的包
sudo apt-get --purge remove nginx # 删除Nginx包
sudo apt-get --purge remove nginx-common #删除nginx-common
sudo apt-get --purge remove nginx-core #删除nginx-core

查看Nginx进程
```
ps -ef|grep nginx
```
杀死所有Nginx进程
```
killall nginx
```
MySQL
3.png
安装依赖

sudo apt install build-essential cmake bison libncurses5-dev libssl-dev pkg-config

进入后台环境文件夹
```
cd /www/server/
```
下载源码包
源码包分为带boost版和不带boost版的，方便起见直接下载带boost的

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-boost-8.0.22.tar.gz

解压
```
tar -zxvf mysql-boost-8.0.22.tar.gz
```
进入解压文件夹
```
cd mysql-8.0.22
```
准备编译参数

cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/www/server/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/www/server/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DFORCE_INSOURCE_BUILD=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/www/server/mysql/data \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost

编译安装
```
make && make install
```
初始化MySQL，并生成root密码
```
bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
```
保存一下密码，后面进入MySQL要用到
测试启动
```
bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql
```
进入MySQL
```
bin/mysql -u root -p
```
输入上面生成的初始密码
修改root随机密码
将密码置为空

use mysql;
update user set authentication_string='' where user='root';

修改密码为root

ALTER user 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'root';

如果出现如下错误

ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot execute this statement
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO IDENTIFIED BY '123' WITH GRANT OPTION;

需要先执行
```
flush privileges;
```
然后再执行

ALTER user 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'root';

启动
```
/www/server/mysql/bin/mysql start
```
其他参数

mysql restart   重新启动
mysql stop    停止
mysql status    查看状态

查看MySQL进程
```
ps -ef|grep mysql
```
杀死所有MySQL进程
```
killall mysql
```
清理MySQL包命令如下

sudo apt purge mysql-*
sudo rm -rf /www/server/mysql /var/lib/mysql

PHP
4.png
安装必要的库文件

sudo apt-get install -y gcc make openssl curl libbz2-dev libxml2-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libfreetype6-dev libzip-dev libssl-dev libsqlite3-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev libgmp3-dev libonig-dev libreadline-dev libxslt1-dev libffi-dev libpnglite-dev libpcre3-dev libiconv-hook-dev libiconv-hook1 libmcrypt-dev libmcrypt4 libmhash-dev libmhash2 libltdl-dev libssl-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev libmysqlclient-dev libmagickcore-dev libmagickwand-dev libedit-dev autoconf automake m4

进入后台环境文件夹
```
cd /www/server/
```
下载源码包

wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.4.0.tar.gz

解压
```
tar -zxvf php-7.4.0.tar.gz
```
准备编译参数

./configure --prefix=/www/server/php --with-config-file-scan-dir=/www/server/php/etc/php.d --with-config-file-path=/www/server/php/etc --enable-mbstring --enable-zip --enable-bcmath --enable-pcntl --enable-ftp --enable-xml --enable-shmop --enable-soap --enable-intl --with-openssl --enable-fileinfo --enable-exif --enable-calendar --enable-sysvmsg --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --enable-opcache --enable-fpm --enable-session --enable-sockets --enable-mbregex --enable-wddx --with-curl --with-iconv --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-freetype-dir --enable-gd-jis-conv --with-openssl --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-gettext --with-zlib --with-bz2 --with-recode --with-xmlrpc --with-mysqli=mysqlnd

编译安装
```
make -j && make install
```
出现Thank you for using PHP.就说明安装成功了
配置文件php.ini修改
```
sudo vim /www/server/php/74/etc/php.ini
```
修改disable_functions禁止危险函数

disable_functions = passthru,exec,system,chroot,chgrp,chown,popen,proc_open,pcntl_exec,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,openlog,syslog,popepassthru,pcntl_alarm,pcntl_fork,pcntl_waitpid,pcntl_wait,pcntl_wifexited,pcntl_wifstopped,pcntl_wifsignaled,pcntl_wifcontinued,pcntl_wexitstatus,pcntl_wtermsig,pcntl_wstopsig,pcntl_signal,pcntl_signal_dispatch,pcntl_get_last_error,pcntl_strerror,pcntl_sigprocmask,pcntl_sigwaitinfo,pcntl_sigtimedwait,pcntl_exec,pcntl_getpriority,pcntl_setpriority,imap_open,apache_setenv,phpinfo

配置php-fpm参数文件

sudo vim /www/server/php/74/etc/php-fpm.conf

修改参数
global下修改为

pid = /www/server/php/74/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /www/server/php/74/var/log/php-fpm.log

修改参数
www下添加
```
user = www
group = www
```
启动
```
/www/server/php/74/sbin/php-fpm start
```
清理MySQL包命令如下

sudo apt purge php-*
sudo rm -rf /www/server/php /var/lib/php*

查看PHP进程
```
ps -ef|grep php
```
配置nginx代理php-fpm
创建配置文件

mkdir /www/server/nginx/conf/enable-php.conf

内容如下

location ~ [^/]\.php(/|$){
try_files $uri =404;
fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index  index.php;
fastcgi_split_path_info  ^((?U).+\.php)(/?.+)$;
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  PATH_INFO  $fastcgi_path_info;
fastcgi_param  PATH_TRANSLATED  $document_root$fastcgi_path_info;
include /www/server/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf;
}

修改nginx配置文件

sudo vim /www/server/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

修改测试网站的根目录
```
root /www/webstie/html;
```
其中server段增加如下配置

include /www/server/nginx/conf/enable-php.conf;

创建测试php文件
在/www/webstie/html/创建index.php文件，输入如下内容
```
<?php
echo "你好！";
```
然后重新启动php-fpm和nginx
浏览器访问
```
http://你的服务器ip/index.php
```
出现你好！说明php跟nginx都配置成功了
相关文章
Linux部署Lnmp+PHPMyadmin源码安装及配置

【linux编译安装nginx+php+mysql环境】

随机文章